Tire-pressure monitoring system (TPMS)

A pressure monitoring system (TPMS) is an electronic system for controlling the air pressure inside the tires on various types of vehicles. The system is also sometimes considered as a system for indicating tire pressure (TPIS). These systems report real-time tire pressure information to the driver of the vehicle, or through a gauge, a display of icons, or a single light pressure warning.

Generally speaking, direct tire-pressure monitoring systems may offer the following features:

• Measure (and may display) tire air pressure, with an accuracy able to detect under-inflation conditions of less than 25% of the recommended cold inflation pressure
• Measure and display tire air temperature (optional)
• Locate tire involved in pressure defect (optional)
• React to fast and slow leaks (less than 5 s) for early warning
• Do not require initialization or zero button, i.e., self-learning (optional)
• Can monitor spare-tire pressure
• Can monitor tire pressure when stationary (direct TPMS only)